CRYOSTATS / X-TYPE
The cooling architecture for scalable quantum systems
CRYOSTATS / X-TYPE
The cooling architecture for scalable quantum systems
The barriers to scalable quantum systems
As qubit counts increase, cryogenic requirements grow faster than conventional cooling technologies can handle. The increasing demand for cooling power, wiring density, and low-temperature electronics adds complexity to integrated quantum setups and drives repeated design iterations. In addition, today’s dominant cryogenic technology, dilution refrigeration, depends on helium-3 – a scarce resource that creates a major supply risk for long-term scaling.
What works for hundreds or even thousands of qubits now becomes structurally limiting at larger scales. Quantum computing requires more than incremental cooling improvements it requires architectural change.
The X-Type
The X-Type is a modular, helium-3-free cooling architecture designed specifically for scalable quantum systems. Instead of scaling a conventional monolithic cryostat that integrates cooling, wiring and the quantum processor within a single unit, the X-Type separates the cooling infrastructure from the quantum setup. Dedicated cooling modules deliver the required millikelvin temperatures.
Independent payload modules host the quantum setup – wiring, electronics, and quantum processor. Cooling power and system complexity can therefore expand independently, enabling horizontal and vertical scaling without structural redesign. This decoupled design transforms cryogenic infrastructure from individual cryostats into a scalable system architecture.
Seamlessly scale cooling capacity and payload
The base configuration of the X-Type consists of two cooling modules and a single payload module, delivering the same cooling performance as large dilution refrigerators today. However, the X-Type architecture is designed to scale without limitations, paving the way for a scalable cooling infrastructure for the industrial adoption of quantum computing.
Scale horizontally: Expand your system with additional modules
Increase cooling power by adding additional cooling modules to a single payload. Multiple payload modules can be interconnected at millikelvin temperatures to scale the overall system size. Scaling cooling no longer requires rebuilding the whole system – it becomes a modular extension.
1 x 20 μW at 20 mK
at 20 mK
2 x 20 μW at 20 mK
at 20 mK
n x 20 μW at 20 mK
at 20 mK
Scale vertically: Upgrade hardware without replacing the cooling
Upgrade only the payload module while keeping the installed cooling modules in place.
This enables efficient generational upgrades as quantum processors evolve without replacing the cryogenic infrastructure.
768
RF Lines
1.536
RF Lines
3.072
RF Lines
Enabling industry-level quantum systems
Scalable cooling infrastructure
Increase cooling power on demand by adding cooling modules, without making existing systems obsolete.
Expandable system architecture
Grow system capacity to support larger and more powerful quantum processors.
Helium-3 independent operation
Future-proof your quantum infrastructure with a secure and scalable cryogenic supply chain.
Industry-level deployment
Decouple hardware integration from the cooling infrastructure to enable scalable, industry-level deployment.
Base configuration specifications
Cooling module
Defines cooling power and base temperature.
Payload module
Houses wiring, electronics and the quantum processor.
From the base configuration to scaled up systems
Example X-Type configurations illustrating modular scaling.
Rear: Three X-Type base configurations, each comprising of two cooling and one payload module, delivering 20 µW at 20 mK for up to 768 RF lines.
Front: One X-Type configuration recombining the 6 cooling modules to now deliver 100 µW of cooling power to a larger next-generation processor across two interconnected payload modules.”
Roadmap to scalable quantum cooling infrastructure
Cryogen-free cooling at millikelvin temperatures
Past – Demonstrating continuous magnetic
cooling for quantum systems
In collaboration with Delft Circuits, kiutra developed a compact demonstrator showcasing continuous adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration (cADR) for superconducting quantum hardware. The rack-mounted system integrates magnetic cooling with thermally optimized RF wiring, demonstrating stable millikelvin operation and continuous cooling power in a cryogen-free platform. These results show that magnetic cooling can support application-ready quantum systems without reliance on helium-3. Full technical details of the system design and experimental performance are presented in:
Schüßler et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 97, 025214 (2026)
Present – Advancing modular magnetic cooling
Building on the demonstrator results, kiutra is advancing magnetic cooling toward higher power and modular deployment. Within the LEMON program, dedicated ultra-low-temperature test infrastructure has been commissioned and key technologies for scalable systems are being developed and validated. This work focuses on translating proven magnetic cooling concepts into components and architectures suitable for larger quantum platforms.
Future – Scalable cryogenic infrastructure for quantum systems
The X-Type builds on these validated foundations to deliver a modular cooling architecture designed for significantly higher cooling power and lower base temperatures. By combining helium-3-free magnetic cooling with modular system expansion, the X-Type establishes a scalable cryogenic infrastructure for the next generation of quantum technologies.
Build with us as a beta partner
Gain early access to the first X-Type modules and shape the future of sustainable cryogenics together with us
Roadmap discussions
Work directly with our engineering team to integrate your setup into our payload module and align on the long-term vision of scalable quantum computing.
Define specifications
Provide input on technical requirements to ensure configurations are optimized for your hardware, workflows, and performance targets.
Priority deployment
Get priority access and preferential terms as system move into production for faster deployment and smoother scale-up.