S-Type Optical Resources

Sample loading process

Attaching the Sample Changer to the Sample Cage

Sample Cage (left) & Sample Changer

Cage & Changer Assembled

Place the Sample Cage on top of the Puck Station and assemble the two modules by screwing the black screw inside the threaded brass part. After a few rotations, the outer feet (2) of the Sample Changer are stopped by the legs of the brass ring (4) of the Sample Cage.

Now it’s important to align the two parts correctly, so that the legs will stay in place. This can be verified by trying to rotate the sample cage after inserting the screw halfway in. The Cage and the Changer are assembled right, if the legs of the brass ring (4) are aligned and guided by the feet of the Changer (2)

If the alignment of both parts is correct, insert the screw further until the end stop. Loosen the screw a bit so the Sample Cage is not jamming inside of the Sample Changer.

Once the Sample Changer is mounted on the Sample Cage, both are inserted into the cryostat. There is a white ceramic pin mounted on the Sample Cage. This pin must be oriented facing the user. Although the orientation of the Sample Changer and Sample Cage is symmetrically designed in 120° steps, it is recommended to align the kiutra logo (3) together with the white pin (5) towards the front, as it gives a good indication of where the front is.

Instruction videos

Opening

Sample loading

Sample removal

S-TYPE ESSENTIAL

Fully Integrated Cooling Solution

S-TYPE ESSENTIAL

Fully Integrated Cooling Solution

The S-Type Essential is a fully integrated 19’’ rack mounted cryogenic platform for the continuous, cryogen-free cooling of quantum devices. In its standard configuration, the system provides continuous cooling at 300 mK and “one-shot” operation down to 100 mK – independent of the supply with cryogens.

Temperature Range

down to 100 mK

Sample Platform

Ø > 140 mm

Continuous Cooling At

300 mK

S-Type Essential fully integrated 19’’ rack mounted cryogenic platform for the continuous, cryogen-free cooling of quantum devices.

Key Benefits

Built for maximum design flexibility, even below 1 K

Versatile cryogenic platform

Despite its compact size the S-Type Essential features a large sample platform to accommodate complex user setups or multiple electronic devices. The System can be easily adapted to integrate, e.g., special wiring, fiber-optics, or custom setups.

Continuous and cryogen-free sub-Kelvin cooling

In its standard configuration, the S-Type Essential features a combination of two ADR units that provide continuous, cryogen-free cooling at temperatures as low as 300 mK. Additionally, both units can be operated in “one-shot” mode to reach temperatures as low as 100 mK for a limited hold time. Both in continuous and “one-shot” mode, the cooling process is automatic and can be controlled through our intuitive graphical user interface. As operation is largely automated, the system does not require special expertise..

Fully integrated cooling solution

The most prominent feature of the S-Type Essential is its full integration in a 19’’ rack, with the cryostat mounted in the lower compartment, and the control electronics in the upper part of the rack. Additionally, the upper part offers enough space to accommodate typical user electronics, so that the complete system will not take up more space in your lab than absolutely necessary. The combination of closed-cycle and magnetic cooling ensures particularly quiet and largely automated system operation, requiring only minimal maintenance.

See All Specs

Available Options

Accessories for your individual cryogenic requirements

Up to 4 optical fibers

to run detectors or photon sources

Up to 16 RF lines

and up to 48 DC lines

Picture of RF and DC wiring in the cryostat S-Type Essential cryostat

Typical Applications

Innovative cooling for state-of-the-art science and technology

Superconducting Nanowire Single-Photon Detectors (SNSPD)

Cryogenic nanowire detectors are among the most efficient photon detectors available today. They are useful for various applications in metrology, imaging, and communication, including also future fiber-based quantum key distribution networks. SNSPD must be operated well below their superconducting critical temperature of typically several Kelvin. They will benefit from even lower temperatures particularly at the telecom and longer wavelengths. Detector cooling and related applications will benefit from unsupervised long-term cryostat operation, as the S-Type Essential provides continuous cryogen-free sub-Kelvin cooling through a robust magnetic refrigeration process. Despite its small footprint the S-Type Essential offers a large sample stage. It can easily accommodate and operate multiple fiber-coupled detectors and related low-temperature wiring and electronics. Its compact size allows to mount the cryostat in a 19” rack, making it an ideal choice for integrated sensing and communication applications.

Schematic Graphic of a superconducting Nanowire Single-Photon Detector (SNSPD)

Schematic deptiction of a diamond pressure cell

High-Pressure Measurements

Materials with strong electronic correlations are often susceptible to the application of pressure. Using high-pressure techniques like piston-cylinder or Bridgman cells, physical properties such as the magnetization, susceptibility, and resistivity can be studied as a function of temperature, magnetic field, and pressure. This allows to map out complex phase diagrams, to tune materials towards low-temperature electronic instabilities, and to investigate their behavior in the proximity of a phase transition. The L-Type Rapid is a fast-cooling cryostat and therefore ideally suited to study pressure cells, where the pressure must be changed frequently and ex-situ. The sample puck used in its sample loader offers enough space to mount different high-pressure clamp cells. More complex experimental setups that require, e.g., gas-activated cells for in-situ changes of the pressure or in-situ pressure determination using ruby fluorescence can be implemented using the S-Type Essential. It offers a large sample platform and can be easily adapted by the user to meet their individual requirements.

Performance Data

Continuous solid-state cryogenic cooling

Continuous operation at 300 mK

Conventional adiabatic demagnetization refrigerators (ADR) allow only for “one-shot” cooling. By combining multiple ADR units, kiutra’s cryostats can provide both “one-shot” and additionally continuous sub-Kelvin cooling (cADR) independent of the supply with cryogens. In its standard configuration, the S-Type Essential uses two ADR units to generate continuous magnetic cooling. The figure shows the temperatures of both ADR units running in cADR mode at 300 mK. While the first unit cycles between the 4 K main heat bath (provided by the cryocooler) and a temperature below the target temperature, the second unit controls the sample temperature. As a result, the sample stage can maintain a constant temperature of 300 mK with a typical temperature stability <0.1 %, and a slightly reduced stability <2 % when activating its heat switch to initialize the regeneration.

More about magnetic cooling

Graph showing the continuous operation of the S-Type Essential Cryostat at 300 mK.

Cooling power

A detailed knowledge of the cooling performance of a system is essential for the realization of cryogenic applications. This graph shows the cooling power of the S-Type Essential, measured at the sample platform with the standard 24 lines DC wiring, sample heater, and thermometer installed.

Scope of Supply

We deliver turnkey cooling solutions

Cryostat

Sumitomo RP-082B2 closed-cyle pulsetube cryocooler, 1W 4.2K, 40 W @ 45 K

Sumitomo F70H water-cooled indoor helium compressor, 20 m flexlines

Two ADR units for one-shot continuous operation:

2 ADR magnets
2 Heat switches
2 Cooling media

Wide range pressure gauge

Integrated passive quench protection

Instrument Control

kiutra Modular Control Unit (MCU):

Base Module
Power Module
Drive Module
2x Load Module

kiutra Compressor Control Unit (CCU)

Temperature monitor & controller

Calibrated temperature sensor on sample stage

Temperature sensors on cryocooler cold stages and first ADR unit

Sample heater and warm-up heater

User PC with pre-configuration Python-based instrument control software and high-definition display

2 x Digital high frequency magnet power supply

User breakout

Filtered temperature sensor breakout

Tech Specs

S-Type Essential

This system is currently being developed and tested. It will become available approximately in Q4/22. The specifications listed here are preliminary specifications expected to be reached and will be updated once the system is out of the development phase.

System size (cm) (w x l x h)	cryostat & electronics compressor	80 x 210 x 80 54 x 45 x 50
System weight (kg)	cryostat & electronics	< 750
Size of sample platform (mm)	diameter height	>140 >50
System cooldown time (hrs)		32
Continuous operation (K)		0.3
Cooling power (µW)	@ 500 mK @ 1K	>50 >160
Operation time (hrs)	@100 mK	3 hours
Temperature stability	typical while switching stages	< 0.1 % < 2 %

Do You Need Further Information?

Our team has extensive experience in many fields of low-temperature research. We are keen to learn more about your requirements and support you in finding your optimal cooling solution.

S-TYPE OPTICAL

Compact sub-Kelvin Cryostat with Free-beam Access

S-TYPE OPTICAL

Compact sub-Kelvin Cryostat with Free-beam Access

The new platform for optical quantum technologies and material science

Continuous Cooling At

300mK

Free-beam Access

ø > 20 mm

Sample Magnet

3 T || optical axis

Photo showing the front of the S-Type Optical cryostat.

Key Benefits

The S-Type Optical is a versatile optical cryostat featuring an experimental environment with ultra-low vibrations.

Optical access

Large free-beam access down to the mK stage in a vertical direction.

Proprietary cryogenic interface

Allowing simple integration of experiments prepared outside the cryostat.

Continuous and cryogen free operation

Continuous operation at 300 mK independent of helium-3 supply.

Compact platform

The cryostat and all control equipment can be mounted in a 19″ rack.

Typical Applications

Innovative cooling for state-of-the-art science and technology

Optical investigation of electronic correlations

The investigation of many-particle correlations, their impact on the bulk properties and transport behavior of condensed matter, and how these correlations trigger the emergence of new and exotic phases is a particularly exciting and active field of research. Several measurements including Rayleigh (elastic), Raman (inelastic), or resonant inelastic light scattering can be used to study collective excitations of the solid state. For such investigations, typically low temperatures in combination with fiber-coupled or free-beam optical access are needed. These requirements are met by kiutra’s S-Type Optical, which offers a unique combination of sub-Kelvin temperatures, free-beam optical access, small working distance, and compact system size to enable various optical measurements.

Schematic depiction of an optical experiment

Generic graph of the spectrum of an arbitrary material collected in low-temperature photoluminecence.

Low-temperature photoluminescence

The investigation of photo-physical properties yields insights into electronic correlations of lower-dimensional systems or heterostructures. A well-established spectroscopic technique is the observation of photoluminescence, i.e., the analysis of light that is emitted from a sample after the absorption of photons. Tracking characteristic features in the photoluminescence spectra over a broad temperature range provides additional information on the energy scales and correlations of the electronic structure.

Cryogen-free continuous operation through cADR

In its standard configuration, the S-Type Optical uses two ADR units to generate continuous magnetic cooling (cADR).

The top figure shows the temperature of the ADR units running in continuous mode at 300 mK. While the assisting ADR unit cycles between the 4 K main heat bath (provided by the cryocooler) and a temperature below the target temperature, the second unit controls the sample temperature. As a result, the sample stage can maintain a constant temperature of 300 mK with a typical temperature stability of less than 0.1%, and slightly reduced stability of 4% when activating its heat switch (HS) to initialize the regeneration.

The bottom figure shows the temperature control, stepping the sample stage temperature between 200 mK and 1.5 K.

The top figure shows the temperature of the ADR units running in continuous mode at 300 mK. The bottom figure shows the temperature control, stepping the sample stage temperature between 200 mK and 1.5 K.

Specs

S-Type Optical

System size (w x l x h)	cryostat & electronics compressor	94 x 94 x 208 cm 54 x 45 x 50 cm
Weight	cryostat & electronics	< 600 kg
Cooldown	cryostat	time 32 hrs
Available sample space	diameter height	47 mm 100 mm
Temperature stability	typical switching HS	< 0.1% < 4%
Cooling power	@300 mK @1 K	15 μW 250 μW
Free-beam access	diameter	> 20 mm
Vibration	@1500 Hz switching HS	< 200 nm < 1.5 μm

Available Options

Accessories for your individual cryogenic requirements

3 T sample magnet

smooth bipolar operation to study magnetic properties

Wiring

40 DC and up to 4 RF to the sample stage

Do You Need Further Information?

Our team is experienced in many fields of low-temperature research. We are happy to learn more about your requirements and support you in finding your optimal cooling solution.

Get our brochure with the benefits and key specifications of the S-Type Optical.

Download the Brochure

View video clips of how to easily load and remove samples.

INSTRUCTION VIDEOS

L-TYPE RAPID

Super-fast Characterization at sub-Kelvin Temperature

L-TYPE RAPID

Super-fast Characterization at sub-Kelvin Temperature

The L-Type Rapid is a unique top-loading cADR system offering continuous cooling at 300 mK and one-shot operation down to 100 mK. Its innovative automatic sample transfer allows for cooling a sample to the minimum temperature in less than three hours, enabling high-throughput screening of scientific samples and rapid prototyping of quantum electronics. For low-temperature investigations of field-dependent physical properties, the L-Type Rapid can be equipped with a 5T sample magnet.

Temperature Range

100 mK - 300 K

Sample Cooldown Time

< 3 hours

Continuous Operation Above

300 mK

Key Benefits

Built for an improved sub-Kelvin experience

Fast sample characterization

The L-Type Rapid features kiutra’s proprietary puck-based top-loading sample exchange mechanism. This option allows the user to prepare their sample on a sample puck and load it into the cryostat in just a couple of minutes – there is no need to warm up the cryostat. In this way, a sample can be installed and cooled to the base temperature in less than three hours. After completion of the low-temperature tests, the sample can be removed just as quickly, and within a few minutes the next device, prepared on a spare puck, can be loaded. Thus, the L-Type Rapid enables the highest sample turnover for sub-Kelvin studies.

Wide temperature range

ADR systems always come with a heat switch to decouple the solid-state cooling medium from its pre-cooling stage during the demagnetization refrigeration process. In the L-Type Rapid, the latter allows for continuous operation at 300 mK and one-shot cooling down to 100 mK. The weak thermal link provided by the heat switch also allows to carry out heater-assisted continuous temperature sweeps from base to room temperature. In contrast to typical He-based refrigerators, the L-Type Rapid offers simple access to a large temperature range, making additional equipment or accessories for working with very low temperatures obsolete.

Highly modular cooling platform

The L-Type Rapid is a versatile cryogenic platform for basic science and applied quantum research, offering a variety of possibilities to configure the system. The sample puck and cryostat wiring can be chosen to provide up to 4 RF and 40 DC connections, including also low resistance wiring for driving piezo positioners. For samples that are sensitive with respect to magnetic fields, mu metal shielding can be added. To probe magnetic properties, a 5 T sample magnet is available.

See All Specs

Typical Applications

Innovative cooling for state-of-the-art science and technology

Qubits

With first concepts dating back to the 1980s, superconducting circuits are today one of the most promising technologies in the race to build a universal quantum computer. The key element in superconducting quantum circuits is the Josephson junction – a non-linear element that connects two superconducting islands by a weak link, which can be either an insulating or a metallic barrier. Superconducting quantum circuits offer individual control and readout, and their properties can be engineered by circuit design. During the past two decades, superconducting qubits experienced a rapid improvement of their coherence properties, resulting in the demonstration of several major milestones toward scalable quantum computing. To screen and characterize superconducting thin films and devices more efficiently, kiutra’s L-Type Rapid offers an extremely fast sample cooldown, combined with a large temperature range, and a base temperature as low as 100 mK.

Schematic depiction of a Q-Bit State in an Energy Diagram and as an electronic circuit

schematid depticion of a race-track memory

Spintronic Devices

Researchers in the field of spintronics study and exploit the spin-charge coupling in metallic systems. Making use not only of the charge carriers’ charge but also of their spin allows, e.g., to build novel devices like racetrack memory or MRAM to save digital data. These technologies promise low-energy information storage, high reliability, performance, and capacity also at room temperature. However, to better understand the underlying physics and to develop novel materials for spintronic devices, low temperatures, high-frequency cabling, and magnetic field control at the sample position are required. The L-Type Rapid offers access to a wide temperature range from 100 mK to room temperature in a single, cryogen-free, and easy-to-use instrument. Optional upgrades such as a sample magnet, and additional RF and DC wiring allow to implement various experimental setups and low-temperature measurements.

Performance Data

Fast and trouble-free operation

Fast sample cooldown

The cumbersome and time-consuming operation of large and complex refrigerators is a bottleneck in the development of novel functional materials as well as next-generation quantum devices. The L-Type Rapid, with its puck-based sample loader, offers a fast and automatic sample cooldown, increasing sample throughput and accelerating the screening of material samples and quantum devices. The figure shows a typical time-temperature curve for our sample puck with a test device mounted, while cooling from room temperature to sub-Kelvin temperatures. In the initial 1.5 hours, the puck is cooled to the cryocooler base temperature. After the puck is fully thermalized, the ADR cooling units can be charged. This process takes approximately 1 hour. Subsequently the demagnetization cooling is started, and the system can be operated either continuously at temperatures as low as 300 mK, or at 100 mK for a limited hold time. Apart from mounting the puck in the vacuum lock, the operation is automatic and can be controlled through our Python-based instrument control software.

Cooldown Curve of the sample puck in an L-Type Rapid Cryostat

Continuous operation at 300 mK

Conventional adiabatic demagnetization refrigerators (ADR) allow only for “one-shot” cooling. By combining multiple ADR units, kiutra’s cryostats can provide both “one-shot” and additionally continuous sub-Kelvin cooling (cADR) independent of the supply with cryogens. In its standard configuration, the L-Type Rapid uses two ADR units to generate continuous cooling. The figure shows the temperatures of both ADR units running in cADR mode at 300 mK. While the first unit cycles between the 4 K main heat bath (provided by the cryocooler) and a temperature below the target temperature, the second unit controls the sample temperature. As a result, the sample stage can maintain a constant temperature of 300 mK with a typical temperature stability <0.1 %, and a slightly reduced stability <2 % when activating its heat switch to initialize the regeneration.

More about magnetic cooling

Plot, showing the continuous operation of the L-Type Rapid Cryostat at 300 mK.

Scope of Supply

We deliver turnkey solutions

Cryostat

Sumitomo RP-082B2 closed-cyle pulsetube cryocooler, 1W 4.2K, 40 W @ 45 K

Sumitomo F70H water-cooled indoor helium compressor, 20 m flexlines

Two ADR units for one-shot continunous operation:

2 ADR magnets
2 Heat switches
2 Cooling media

Wide range pressure gauge

Integrated passive quench protection

User ports for custom integration:

2 x ISO-F 100
1 x ISO-KF 25

Instrument Control

Custom 19” electronics rack

kiutra Modular Control Unit (MCU):

Base Module
Power Module
Drive Module
2x Load Module
Gas Handling Modul

kiutra Compressor Control Unit (CCU)

Temperature monitor

Temperature controller

Calibrated temperature sensor on sample stage

Temperature sensors on cryocooler cold stages and first ADR unit

Sample heater and warm-up heater

User PC with pre-configuration Python-based instrument control software and high-definition display

2x Digital high frequency magnet power supply

User breakout

Filtered temperature sensor breakout

Photo of the top of the L-Type Rapid cryostat showing the open sample loader and the sample cage inside

Standard Wiring

40 DC wires

Gas Handling

Pumping, purging and venting of cryostat and Sample Changer airlock chamber

Oil-free roughing pump

Turbomolecular pump

Sample Changer

Airlock Chamber with motorized sample transfer

Sample puck transfer cage

Additional pressure gauge

1 Sample Puck

1 Sample Puck Testing Station

ISO-F 100 Gate Valve

Specs

L-Type Rapid

System size (cm) (w x l x h)	cryostat (sample changer open) rack compressor	94 x 94 x 232 60 x 80 x178 45 x 53 x 63
System weight (kg)	cryostat	< 600
Residual field at sample stage (mT)		< 0.05 (0.5 Gauss, 50 µT)
Vibration (µm)		< 10 µm
Size of Sample Puck (mm)	diameter	ø 36
Sample cooldown time (hours)	300 K – 4K 4 K – 0.1 K total 300 K – 100 mK	< 1.5 1.5 < 3
Cooldown time (hours)	cryostat	< 42
Temperature range (K)		0.1 – 300
Continuous temperature control (K)		0.3 – 300
Cooling power (µW)	@500 mK @ 1K	50 160
Operation time (hours)	@100 mK @200 mK	3 5
Temperature stability	typical while switching stages	< 0.1 % or <0.5 mK < 2 %

Available Options

Accessories for your individual cryogenic requirements

5 Tesla sample magnet

Smooth bipolar operation to study magnetic properties

Up to 4 RF connections on a puck

and up to 40 DC lines

Magnetic shielding

to investigate and operate sensitive quantum electronics or superconductors

Photograph of the L-Type Rapid Sample Puck

Do You Need Further Information?

Our team has extensive experience in many fields of low-temperature research. We are keen to learn more about your requirements and support you in finding your optimal cooling solution.

Get our brochure with the benefits and key specifications of the L-Type Rapid.

Download the Brochure